Ulmus glabraWych elm

Ulmus glabra, known as wych elm or Scots elm, is a large-growing deciduous tree, native to Europe and western Asia. It grows fast and can reach approximately 25 to 35 metres in height, occasionally up to 40 metres, with a crown between 15 and 20 metres wide. The crown becomes broad, oval to rounded and densely branched; in mature specimens, the lower branches may take on a slightly pendulous position.

The leaves, about 8 to 16 centimetres long, are broad, asymmetrical at the base, dark green and markedly rough on the surface. This pronounced texture and the size of the leaf give the crown a solid, abundant appearance during the summer. In autumn, the foliage takes on yellow to golden tones. In March, before the leaves appear, small clusters of reddish-brown to violet flowers emerge. They are discreet and wind-pollinated, and are later replaced by winged samaras, likewise dispersed by the wind. The bark stays relatively smooth for several years, becoming dark grey and progressively furrowed with age.

It grows best in sun or partial shade, in deep, fertile, moist to wet and preferably neutral or chalky soils. It adapts particularly well to valley bottoms, the banks of watercourses, cool woodland and ground under Atlantic influence. It tolerates intense cold, strong wind, sea wind and temporary episodes of flooding. On the other hand, it is not a suitable choice for permanently dry soils, restricted rooting spaces, severely compacted ground or tree pits surrounded by impermeable paving.

The scale and density of the crown make Ulmus glabra suited to parks, large estates, landscape settings, woodland, riverbanks and wide avenues with open soil. A mature specimen from Diaplant immediately brings shade, volume and a relationship of scale in proportion to large buildings and open spaces. The project should, however, reserve enough area for a crown that can exceed 15 metres in diameter, ensure a generous rooting volume and provide for deep watering during the establishment period.